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Международный валютный фонд (МВФ) и его функции Политика расширенного доступа к ресурсам МВФ (Policy of E larged Access o Fu d's Resources); действовала в 1981 - 1992 гг. Цель - предоставлять дополнительные кредиты странам-членам, у которых масштабы неравновесий платежных балансов были непомерно велики по сравнению с размерами их квот. Этот механизм использовался для финансового содействия осуществлению государствами- членами корректирующих экономических мер в тех случаях, когда они нуждались в средствах в больших размерах, чем могли получить в рамках кредитных долей и механизма расширенного кредитования, и на более продолжительный срок. Источником ресурсов для реализации этой политики являлись как собственные средства МВФ, привлеченные в форме подписки, так и заимствования у других стран. В связи с увеличением квот стран - членов Фонда в рамках девятого общего пересмотра квот указанный механизм в ноябре 1992 г. был отменен. Лимиты доступа стран-членов к ресурсам МВФ в рамках кредитных долей и механизма расширенного финансирования (применяемые вместе или раздельно) устанавливаются Исполнительным советом и ежегодно пересматриваются. С октября 1994 г. на трехлетний период были установлены следующие лимиты: предоставление кредитов (точнее - принятие Фондом на себя обязательств по предоставлению кредитов) на протяжении года - до 100% квоты страны-члена; кумулятивная, включающая задолженность страны по ранее полученным кредитам, предельная величина - 300% квоты (в чистом исчислении, т. е. за вычетом величины выкупленной страной у Фонда национальной валюты и сумм, запланированных к погашению). | |
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